[Comment expliquer la persistance des accidents du travail et maladies professionnelles à un niveau élevé ? Arnaud Mias est professeur de sociologie à l’université Paris Dauphine-PSL et membre de l’Institut de recherche interdisciplinaire en sciences sociales (Irisso, UMR CNRS-Inrae). Il coordonne avec Laure de Verdalle le comité de rédaction de la revue Sociologie du travail. Ses recherches portent sur les politiques du travail, les relations collectives de travail, les trajectoires professionnelles et les conditions de travail. Il a récemment dirigé avec Claire Edey Gamassou l’ouvrage numérique Dé-libérer le travail. Démocratie et temporalités au cœur des enjeux de santé au travail (Teseo, 2021).]

The protest movement against pension reform at the beginning of 2023 reminded us of the impossible separation of social protection and employment issues from labor issues and working conditions. He brought out what some call a “Labor crisis” in France (see the post by Maeëlezig Bigi and Dominique Méda).

At the same time, the working conference is held “Guarantees’ Report” The report, presented in April 2023, highlights the need to evolve management practices to deal with increased health risks in the workplace in the context of ecological and digital transitions.

These reflections invite us to question the relationship between health and work in contemporary France and, in particular, to ask ourselves whether it is acceptable for work to make one sick or to tire prematurely, even if it can represent a fundamental resource for health we do Remember that health has to do with it “Proud to be able to take on concrete tasks that are useful for everyone” (Yves Clot et al.2021, page 7). This not only raises the question of the effectiveness of preventing work risks as closely as possible to the work situation. We must ask ourselves whether the conditions in which each individual’s work is carried out make it possible to make it a factor in the development of his health.

First, the survey must focus on work organizations and their ability to create conditions for sustainable work for all. We then take a critical inventory of workplace health in France and question the way illnesses are counted in the workplace. Finally, we return to the practices and actors of occupational health prevention in order to highlight their weaknesses.

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